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KMID : 0438219760130010149
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Korea University Medical Journal
1976 Volume.13 No. 1 p.149 ~ p.157
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An Observation on the Childhood Accidents(In Seoul Area, 1970-1974)
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Abstract
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The purpose of this study was to estimate the incidence of childhood accidents and environmental factors in community.
The subject studied were 2,252 children who were seen at the emergency room of Woo-Sok Hospital, College of Medicine, Korea University for the period of January 1, 1970 through December 31, 1974 and data of motor vehicle accidents were collected from the Annual Reports by the Police Department of Seoul City.
The results analyzed and summarized were as follows:
1. Among the total number of 2,252 cases, falls (38.8%) were the most common childhood accidents, motor vehicle accidents (34.0%) were the next, and burns (17.1%) were the third common causes of accidents.
Regardless of type of accidents, children below 1 year of age had lowest incidence except burns and foreign bodies aspiration.
Falls and motor vehicle accidents were the first rank childhood accidents for the 5 to 10 year age group, burns, foreign bodies and poisoning were the most frequent between the ages of 1 and 4 years, and whereas burn injuries were the most common accidents in children under 1 year of age.
Boys were more often injured than girls (1.8:1), and more remarkable in falls (2.3:1).
Monthly incidence showed no great difference but accidents seemed to be more prevalent between May and July and less between December and January. As a whole, accidents occurred more frequently in spring and summer seasons and less in winter.
2. In 384 cases of burn injuries, the peak incidence was between the ages of 1 and 4 years (59.9%) and the second was age under 1-year-old (23.9%).
Burns were commoner in boys than girls (1.4:1).
The trunk was the most frequently affected site (33.9%), lower extremities were the second (26.3%), and upper extremities were the third (22.9%).
By severity of burns, minor burn damaged less than 10 per cent of body surface account for 35.4%, 11 to 20 per cent for 37.0% and severe burn excess of 50 per cent of body surface for 6.2%.
The most common cause of childhood burn injuries was scalding water(78.4%) and the next was electric materials (4.7%) .
Burn injuries occurred more frequently between April and May, that is spring season, and time at 4-6p. m.
3. The number of motor vehicle accidents of children were increased from 2,008 in 1971 to 3,806 and 3,064 cases in 1972 and 1973. In addition, death rate in 1971 was 16.4 0´, that had rised to 22.3% and 22.1% in 1972 and 1973.
The two-thirds of the childhood motor vehicle accidents occurred in children under 10 years of age and about the half of the deaths occurred under the age of 6 years.
30.9% of the total motor vehicle accidents occurred when the child crossed the road between intersection, 22.4% when they crossed at roadway, 7.8% when they were playing in the road but 16.7% when they crossed at pedestrians´ crossing.
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